Joe is a resident in the Brigham and Women’s Neurosurgery residency program. He obtained his undergraduate degree in biochemistry at Gonzaga University, and later his MD at Loyola University Chicago. He spent his two-year post doctorate research in the Bi lab where he characterized transcriptional and immune landscapes of skull base tumors, using novel techniques including single cell RNA sequencing, mass cytometry by time of flight, and multiplex ion beam imaging.